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Grundkonfiguration Postfix - Versionsgeschichte
2026-06-29T02:28:27Z
Versionsgeschichte dieser Seite in Xinux Wiki
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https://wiki.ixheim.de/index.php?title=Grundkonfiguration_Postfix&diff=58820&oldid=prev
Thomas.will: Die Seite wurde neu angelegt: „= Vorbereitungen = * mkdir -p /etc/skel/Maildir/{cur,new,tmp} = Installation = * apt-get install postfix dovecot-core dovecot-imapd = Grundkonfiguration = *…“
2025-02-04T17:34:16Z
<p>Die Seite wurde neu angelegt: „= Vorbereitungen = * mkdir -p /etc/skel/Maildir/{cur,new,tmp} = Installation = * apt-get install postfix dovecot-core dovecot-imapd = Grundkonfiguration = *…“</p>
<p><b>Neue Seite</b></p><div>= Vorbereitungen =<br />
* mkdir -p /etc/skel/Maildir/{cur,new,tmp}<br />
<br />
= Installation =<br />
* apt-get install postfix dovecot-core dovecot-imapd<br />
<br />
= Grundkonfiguration =<br />
* dpkg-reconfigure -p low postfix<br />
; Wir wählen '''Internet-Site'''<br />
<br />
== Postfix-Hauptkonfiguration ==<br />
* vi /etc/postfix/main.cf<br />
<pre><br />
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)<br />
biff = no<br />
append_dot_mydomain = no<br />
readme_directory = no<br />
...<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
= Maildir-Format =<br />
* In der Datei '''/etc/postfix/main.cf''' setzen:<br />
<pre><br />
home_mailbox = Maildir/<br />
mailbox_command =<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
= Wichtige Postfix-Kommandos =<br />
* postfix status<br />
* postfix start<br />
* postfix stop<br />
* postfix reload<br />
* postfix check<br />
<br />
= Logging =<br />
* tail -f /var/log/mail.log<br />
<pre><br />
Dec 11 13:20:55 maria postfix/smtpd[7513]: connect from ...<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
= Installation von Mailutils =<br />
* apt-get install mailutils<br />
<br />
= Lokales Lesen von Mails =<br />
<pre><br />
mario@maria:~$ mail<br />
"/var/mail/mario": 5 messages 5 unread<br />
...<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
= Authentifizierung mit SASL =<br />
== Dovecot für SASL konfigurieren ==<br />
* vi /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-master.conf<br />
<pre><br />
service auth {<br />
unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth {<br />
mode = 0660<br />
user = postfix<br />
group = postfix<br />
}<br />
}<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
* vi /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf<br />
<pre><br />
auth_mechanisms = plain login<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Postfix-Konfiguration für SASL ==<br />
* vi /etc/postfix/main.cf<br />
<pre><br />
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot<br />
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth<br />
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
= Neustart der Dienste =<br />
* systemctl restart postfix<br />
* systemctl restart dovecot<br />
<br />
= Verschlüsselung mit TLS/SSL =<br />
== SSL-Zertifikate hinterlegen ==<br />
* mkdir /etc/postfix/ssl<br />
* cp /root/xin-ca.crt /etc/postfix/ssl<br />
* cp /root/xin-ca-maria.xinux.org.crt /etc/postfix/ssl<br />
* cp /root/xin-ca-maria.xinux.org.key /etc/postfix/ssl<br />
<br />
== Postfix TLS-Konfiguration ==<br />
* vi /etc/postfix/main.cf<br />
<pre><br />
smtpd_use_tls = yes<br />
smtpd_tls_received_header = no<br />
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/xin-ca-maria.xinux.org.key<br />
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/xin-ca-maria.xinux.org.crt<br />
smtpd_tls_CA_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/xin-ca.crt<br />
smtp_use_tls = yes<br />
smtp_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/xin-ca-maria.xinux.org.key<br />
smtp_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/xin-ca-maria.xinux.org.crt<br />
smtp_tls_CA_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/xin-ca.crt<br />
</pre></div>
Thomas.will