Bind9 kompakt: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
Zur Navigation springen
Zur Suche springen
| Zeile 1: | Zeile 1: | ||
| − | = | + | = '''systemd-resolved''' abschalten = |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | =forward zone= | + | * systemctl disable systemd-resolved |
| − | == | + | * systemctl stop systemd-resolved |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | = Installation = | |
| − | zone "vulkan.int" { | + | |
| − | + | * apt-get install bind9 | |
| − | + | ||
| − | }; | + | = ''/etc/resolv.conf'' setzen = |
| − | + | ||
| + | * rm /etc/resolv.conf | ||
| + | * echo nameserver 127.0.0.1 > /etc/resolv.conf | ||
| + | |||
| + | = Test = | ||
| + | |||
| + | * host -t a www.xinux.de | ||
| + | |||
| + | = forward zone = | ||
| + | |||
| + | == lokale Konfiguration == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * zu ''/etc/bind/named.conf.local'' hinzufügen | ||
| + | |||
| + | zone "vulkan.int" { | ||
| + | type master; | ||
| + | file "vulkan.int"; | ||
| + | }; | ||
;Erklärung | ;Erklärung | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | == | + | * zone - Name der Zone |
| − | *vi /var/cache/bind/vulkan.int | + | * type - Type der Zone - master - slave |
| − | + | * file - Name der Datei wo die Informationen zu finden sind | |
| − | $TTL 300 | + | |
| − | vulkan.int. IN SOA unaris.vulkan.int. technik.xinux.de. ( | + | == Zonendatei == |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | * vi /var/cache/bind/vulkan.int | |
| − | + | ||
| − | unaris | + | |
| − | + | $TTL 300 | |
| − | ;Erklärung | + | vulkan.int. IN SOA unaris.vulkan.int. technik.xinux.de. ( |
| − | :$TTL 300 - 300 Sekunden wird der Namenseintrag im lokalen Cache gehalten. | + | 2011090204 ; |
| − | :vulkan.int - Name der Domain | + | 14400 ; |
| − | :SOA - Start of Authority - Wer ist Zuständig | + | 3600 ; |
| − | :unaris.vulkan.int. - Primärer Nameserver | + | 3600000 ; |
| − | :technik.xinux.de. - Mailadresse - @ wird durch . ersetzt | + | 86400 ; |
| − | :2011090204 - Seriennummer | + | ) |
| − | :14400 - Refresh Zeit | + | IN NS unaris.vulkan.int. |
| − | :3600 - Wiederholungszeit beim Nichterreichen. | + | unaris IN A 192.168.25.4 |
| − | :3600000 - Maximale Gültikeit beim Nichterreichen. | + | |
| − | :86400 - Negativer Cache | + | ;Erklärung :$TTL 300 - 300 Sekunden wird der Namenseintrag im lokalen Cache gehalten. :vulkan.int - Name der Domain :SOA - Start of Authority - Wer ist Zuständig :unaris.vulkan.int. - Primärer Nameserver :technik.xinux.de. - Mailadresse - @ wird durch . ersetzt :2011090204 - Seriennummer, Datum + Version :14400 - Refresh Zeit :3600 - Wiederholungszeit beim Nichterreichen. :3600000 - Maximale Gültikeit beim Nichterreichen. :86400 - Negativer Cache :IN - Internet Name :NS - Namerver Record :A - A Record |
| − | :IN - Internet Name | + | |
| − | :NS - Namerver Record | + | == restart bind == |
| − | :A - A Record | + | |
| + | systemctl restart bind9 ## test | ||
| + | |||
| + | +host -t a unaris.vulkan.int 127.0.0.1 | ||
| + | Using domain server: | ||
| + | Name: 127.0.0.1 | ||
| + | Addrallow-transfer { 192.168.249.121 };ess: 127.0.0.1#53 | ||
| + | Aliases: | ||
| + | |||
| + | unaris.vulkan.int has address 192.168.25.4 | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | = reverse zone = | ||
| − | == | + | == config file == |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
add to /etc/bind/named.conf.local | add to /etc/bind/named.conf.local | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | zone "25.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { | + | zone "25.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { |
| − | + | type master; | |
| − | + | file "25.168.192.in-addr.arpa"; | |
| − | }; | + | }; |
| − | + | ||
| − | ==zone file== | + | == zone file == |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | + | +vi /var/cache/bind/25.168.192.in-addr.arpa | |
| − | + | ||
| + | $TTL 300 | ||
| + | @ IN SOA unaris.vulkan.int. technik.xinux.de. ( | ||
| + | 2011090204 14400 3600 3600000 86400) | ||
| + | IN NS unaris.vulkan.int. | ||
| + | 4 IN PTR unaris.vulkan.int. | ||
| + | |||
| − | == | + | = restart bind = |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | + | +systemctl restart bind9 | |
| − | |||
| − | = | + | == tests == |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | = | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | $GENERATE 150-150 firewall.it$ A 192.168.2.$ | + | +host -t ptr 192.168.25.4 127.0.0.1 |
| − | $GENERATE 150-150 server.it$ A 10.0.$.21 | + | |
| − | $GENERATE 150-150 desktop.it$ A 192.168.$.11 | + | Using domain server: |
| − | + | Name: 127.0.0.1 | |
| + | Address: 127.0.0.1#53 | ||
| + | Aliases: | ||
| + | |||
| + | 4.25.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer unaris.vulkan.int. | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | = Eintragen der Forward Nameserver = | ||
| + | |||
| + | +cat /etc/bind/named.conf.options | ||
| + | |||
| + | options { | ||
| + | directory "/var/cache/bind"; | ||
| + | forwarders { | ||
| + | 10.80.0.2; | ||
| + | 10.80.0.3; | ||
| + | }; | ||
| + | .... | ||
| + | .... | ||
| + | }; | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | = Generate = | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | $TTL 300 | ||
| + | @ IN SOA dozent.it150.int. technik.xinux.de. ( | ||
| + | 2022092001 14400 3600 3600000 86400 | ||
| + | ) | ||
| + | IN NS dozent.it150.int. | ||
| + | dozent.it150 IN A 192.168.2.200 | ||
| + | ; DHCP - Range 192.168.2.0/24 | ||
| + | $GENERATE 101-112 firewall.it$ A 192.168.2.$ | ||
| + | $GENERATE 101-112 server.it$ A 10.0.$.21 | ||
| + | $GENERATE 101-112 desktop.it$ A 192.168.$.11 | ||
| + | |||
| + | $GENERATE 150-150 firewall.it$ A 192.168.2.$ | ||
| + | $GENERATE 150-150 server.it$ A 10.0.$.21 | ||
| + | $GENERATE 150-150 desktop.it$ A 192.168.$.11 | ||
| + | |||
;Ergebnis | ;Ergebnis | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | desktop.it101.int. 300 IN A 192.168.101.11 | + | desktop.it101.int. 300 IN A 192.168.101.11 |
| − | firewall.it101.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.101 | + | firewall.it101.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.101 |
| − | server.it101.int. 300 IN A 10.0.101.21 | + | server.it101.int. 300 IN A 10.0.101.21 |
| − | desktop.it102.int. 300 IN A 192.168.102.11 | + | desktop.it102.int. 300 IN A 192.168.102.11 |
| − | firewall.it102.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.102 | + | firewall.it102.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.102 |
| − | server.it102.int. 300 IN A 10.0.102.21 | + | server.it102.int. 300 IN A 10.0.102.21 |
| − | desktop.it103.int. 300 IN A 192.168.103.11 | + | desktop.it103.int. 300 IN A 192.168.103.11 |
| − | firewall.it103.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.103 | + | firewall.it103.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.103 |
| − | server.it103.int. 300 IN A 10.0.103.21 | + | server.it103.int. 300 IN A 10.0.103.21 |
| − | desktop.it104.int. 300 IN A 192.168.104.11 | + | desktop.it104.int. 300 IN A 192.168.104.11 |
| − | firewall.it104.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.104 | + | firewall.it104.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.104 |
| − | server.it104.int. 300 IN A 10.0.104.21 | + | server.it104.int. 300 IN A 10.0.104.21 |
| − | desktop.it105.int. 300 IN A 192.168.105.11 | + | desktop.it105.int. 300 IN A 192.168.105.11 |
| − | firewall.it105.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.105 | + | firewall.it105.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.105 |
| − | server.it105.int. 300 IN A 10.0.105.21 | + | server.it105.int. 300 IN A 10.0.105.21 |
| − | desktop.it106.int. 300 IN A 192.168.106.11 | + | desktop.it106.int. 300 IN A 192.168.106.11 |
| − | firewall.it106.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.106 | + | firewall.it106.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.106 |
| − | server.it106.int. 300 IN A 10.0.106.21 | + | server.it106.int. 300 IN A 10.0.106.21 |
| − | desktop.it107.int. 300 IN A 192.168.107.11 | + | desktop.it107.int. 300 IN A 192.168.107.11 |
| − | firewall.it107.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.107 | + | firewall.it107.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.107 |
| − | server.it107.int. 300 IN A 10.0.107.21 | + | server.it107.int. 300 IN A 10.0.107.21 |
| − | desktop.it108.int. 300 IN A 192.168.108.11 | + | desktop.it108.int. 300 IN A 192.168.108.11 |
| − | ... | + | ... |
| − | ... | + | ... |
| − | + | ||
| + | |||
| + | = Links = | ||
| − | + | +https://wolfgang.dautermann.at/vortraege/CLT2010-Bind9.pdf | |
| − | |||
Version vom 20. Februar 2023, 15:59 Uhr
systemd-resolved abschalten
- systemctl disable systemd-resolved
- systemctl stop systemd-resolved
Installation
- apt-get install bind9
/etc/resolv.conf setzen
- rm /etc/resolv.conf
- echo nameserver 127.0.0.1 > /etc/resolv.conf
Test
- host -t a www.xinux.de
forward zone
lokale Konfiguration
- zu /etc/bind/named.conf.local hinzufügen
zone "vulkan.int" {
type master;
file "vulkan.int";
};
- Erklärung
- zone - Name der Zone
- type - Type der Zone - master - slave
- file - Name der Datei wo die Informationen zu finden sind
Zonendatei
- vi /var/cache/bind/vulkan.int
$TTL 300
vulkan.int. IN SOA unaris.vulkan.int. technik.xinux.de. (
2011090204 ;
14400 ;
3600 ;
3600000 ;
86400 ;
)
IN NS unaris.vulkan.int.
unaris IN A 192.168.25.4
- Erklärung
- $TTL 300 - 300 Sekunden wird der Namenseintrag im lokalen Cache gehalten. :vulkan.int - Name der Domain :SOA - Start of Authority - Wer ist Zuständig :unaris.vulkan.int. - Primärer Nameserver :technik.xinux.de. - Mailadresse - @ wird durch . ersetzt :2011090204 - Seriennummer, Datum + Version :14400 - Refresh Zeit :3600 - Wiederholungszeit beim Nichterreichen. :3600000 - Maximale Gültikeit beim Nichterreichen. :86400 - Negativer Cache :IN - Internet Name :NS - Namerver Record :A - A Record
restart bind
systemctl restart bind9 ## test
+host -t a unaris.vulkan.int 127.0.0.1
Using domain server:
Name: 127.0.0.1
Addrallow-transfer { 192.168.249.121 };ess: 127.0.0.1#53
Aliases:
unaris.vulkan.int has address 192.168.25.4
reverse zone
config file
add to /etc/bind/named.conf.local
zone "25.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "25.168.192.in-addr.arpa";
};
zone file
+vi /var/cache/bind/25.168.192.in-addr.arpa
$TTL 300
@ IN SOA unaris.vulkan.int. technik.xinux.de. (
2011090204 14400 3600 3600000 86400)
IN NS unaris.vulkan.int.
4 IN PTR unaris.vulkan.int.
restart bind
+systemctl restart bind9
tests
+host -t ptr 192.168.25.4 127.0.0.1
Using domain server: Name: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 Aliases: 4.25.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer unaris.vulkan.int.
Eintragen der Forward Nameserver
+cat /etc/bind/named.conf.options
options {
directory "/var/cache/bind";
forwarders {
10.80.0.2;
10.80.0.3;
};
....
....
};
Generate
$TTL 300
@ IN SOA dozent.it150.int. technik.xinux.de. (
2022092001 14400 3600 3600000 86400
)
IN NS dozent.it150.int.
dozent.it150 IN A 192.168.2.200
; DHCP - Range 192.168.2.0/24
$GENERATE 101-112 firewall.it$ A 192.168.2.$
$GENERATE 101-112 server.it$ A 10.0.$.21
$GENERATE 101-112 desktop.it$ A 192.168.$.11
$GENERATE 150-150 firewall.it$ A 192.168.2.$
$GENERATE 150-150 server.it$ A 10.0.$.21
$GENERATE 150-150 desktop.it$ A 192.168.$.11
- Ergebnis
desktop.it101.int. 300 IN A 192.168.101.11 firewall.it101.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.101 server.it101.int. 300 IN A 10.0.101.21 desktop.it102.int. 300 IN A 192.168.102.11 firewall.it102.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.102 server.it102.int. 300 IN A 10.0.102.21 desktop.it103.int. 300 IN A 192.168.103.11 firewall.it103.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.103 server.it103.int. 300 IN A 10.0.103.21 desktop.it104.int. 300 IN A 192.168.104.11 firewall.it104.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.104 server.it104.int. 300 IN A 10.0.104.21 desktop.it105.int. 300 IN A 192.168.105.11 firewall.it105.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.105 server.it105.int. 300 IN A 10.0.105.21 desktop.it106.int. 300 IN A 192.168.106.11 firewall.it106.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.106 server.it106.int. 300 IN A 10.0.106.21 desktop.it107.int. 300 IN A 192.168.107.11 firewall.it107.int. 300 IN A 192.168.2.107 server.it107.int. 300 IN A 10.0.107.21 desktop.it108.int. 300 IN A 192.168.108.11 ... ...