Bind9 kompakt: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

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= '''systemd-resolved''' abschalten =
 
= '''systemd-resolved''' abschalten =
  
* systemctl disable systemd-resolved
+
* '''systemctl disable systemd-resolved'''
* systemctl stop systemd-resolved
+
* '''systemctl stop systemd-resolved'''
  
 
= Installation =
 
= Installation =
  
* apt-get install bind9
+
* '''apt-get install bind9'''
  
 
= ''/etc/resolv.conf'' setzen =
 
= ''/etc/resolv.conf'' setzen =
  
* rm /etc/resolv.conf
+
* '''rm /etc/resolv.conf'''
* echo nameserver 127.0.0.1 > /etc/resolv.conf
+
* '''echo nameserver 127.0.0.1 > /etc/resolv.conf'''
  
 
= Test =
 
= Test =
Zeile 37: Zeile 37:
 
* vi /var/cache/bind/vulkan.int
 
* vi /var/cache/bind/vulkan.int
  
 
 
  $TTL 300
 
  $TTL 300
 
  vulkan.int.  IN SOA  unaris.vulkan.int. technik.xinux.de. (
 
  vulkan.int.  IN SOA  unaris.vulkan.int. technik.xinux.de. (
Zeile 48: Zeile 47:
 
         IN NS      unaris.vulkan.int.
 
         IN NS      unaris.vulkan.int.
 
  unaris      IN A      192.168.25.4
 
  unaris      IN A      192.168.25.4
 
 
;Erklärung
 
;Erklärung
  
Zeile 67: Zeile 65:
 
== restart bind ==
 
== restart bind ==
  
*systemctl restart bind9 ## test
+
+systemctl restart bind9 ## test
+
 
*host -t a unaris.vulkan.int 127.0.0.1
+
+host -t a unaris.vulkan.int 127.0.0.1 Using domain server: Name: 127.0.0.1 Addrallow-transfer { 192.168.249.121 };ess: 127.0.0.1#53 Aliases:
Using domain server:
+
 
Name: 127.0.0.1
 
Addrallow-transfer { 192.168.249.121 };ess: 127.0.0.1#53
 
Aliases:  
 
 
 
  unaris.vulkan.int has address 192.168.25.4
 
  unaris.vulkan.int has address 192.168.25.4
  
Zeile 82: Zeile 76:
  
 
add to /etc/bind/named.conf.local
 
add to /etc/bind/named.conf.local
+
 
 
  zone "25.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
 
  zone "25.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
 
           type master;
 
           type master;
 
           file "25.168.192.in-addr.arpa";
 
           file "25.168.192.in-addr.arpa";
 
  };
 
  };
 
  
 
== zone file ==
 
== zone file ==
  
 
+vi /var/cache/bind/25.168.192.in-addr.arpa
 
+vi /var/cache/bind/25.168.192.in-addr.arpa
+
 
 
  $TTL 300
 
  $TTL 300
 
  @        IN SOA  unaris.vulkan.int. technik.xinux.de. (
 
  @        IN SOA  unaris.vulkan.int. technik.xinux.de. (
Zeile 98: Zeile 91:
 
               IN NS      unaris.vulkan.int.
 
               IN NS      unaris.vulkan.int.
 
  4        IN PTR          unaris.vulkan.int.
 
  4        IN PTR          unaris.vulkan.int.
 
  
 
= restart bind =
 
= restart bind =
Zeile 107: Zeile 99:
  
 
+host -t ptr 192.168.25.4 127.0.0.1
 
+host -t ptr 192.168.25.4 127.0.0.1
+
 
 
  Using domain server:
 
  Using domain server:
 
  Name: 127.0.0.1
 
  Name: 127.0.0.1
Zeile 114: Zeile 106:
 
   
 
   
 
  4.25.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer unaris.vulkan.int.
 
  4.25.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer unaris.vulkan.int.
 
  
 
= Eintragen der Forward Nameserver =
 
= Eintragen der Forward Nameserver =
  
 
+cat /etc/bind/named.conf.options
 
+cat /etc/bind/named.conf.options
+
 
 
  options {
 
  options {
 
             directory "/var/cache/bind";
 
             directory "/var/cache/bind";
Zeile 129: Zeile 120:
 
             ....   
 
             ....   
 
             };  
 
             };  
 
  
 
= Generate =
 
= Generate =
  
 
 
  $TTL 300
 
  $TTL 300
 
  @  IN SOA  dozent.it150.int. technik.xinux.de. (
 
  @  IN SOA  dozent.it150.int. technik.xinux.de. (
Zeile 148: Zeile 137:
 
  $GENERATE 150-150 server.it$ A 10.0.$.21
 
  $GENERATE 150-150 server.it$ A 10.0.$.21
 
  $GENERATE 150-150 desktop.it$ A 192.168.$.11
 
  $GENERATE 150-150 desktop.it$ A 192.168.$.11
 
 
;Ergebnis
 
;Ergebnis
+
 
 
  desktop.it101.int.  300 IN  A  192.168.101.11
 
  desktop.it101.int.  300 IN  A  192.168.101.11
 
  firewall.it101.int. 300 IN  A  192.168.2.101
 
  firewall.it101.int. 300 IN  A  192.168.2.101
Zeile 175: Zeile 163:
 
  ...
 
  ...
 
  ...
 
  ...
 
  
 
= Links =
 
= Links =
  
 
+https://wolfgang.dautermann.at/vortraege/CLT2010-Bind9.pdf
 
+https://wolfgang.dautermann.at/vortraege/CLT2010-Bind9.pdf

Version vom 22. Februar 2023, 07:34 Uhr

systemd-resolved abschalten

  • systemctl disable systemd-resolved
  • systemctl stop systemd-resolved

Installation

  • apt-get install bind9

/etc/resolv.conf setzen

  • rm /etc/resolv.conf
  • echo nameserver 127.0.0.1 > /etc/resolv.conf

Test

  • host -t a www.xinux.de

forward zone

lokale Konfiguration

  • zu /etc/bind/named.conf.local hinzufügen
zone "vulkan.int" {
type master;
file "vulkan.int";
};
Erklärung
  • zone - Name der Zone
  • type - Type der Zone - master - slave
  • file - Name der Datei wo die Informationen zu finden sind

Zonendatei

  • vi /var/cache/bind/vulkan.int
$TTL 300
vulkan.int.   IN SOA  unaris.vulkan.int. technik.xinux.de. (
                        2011090204  ;
                        14400   ;
                        3600    ;
                        3600000 ;
                        86400   ;
                    )
        IN NS      unaris.vulkan.int.
unaris      IN A       192.168.25.4
Erklärung
  • $TTL 300 - 300 Sekunden wird der Namenseintrag im lokalen Cache gehalten.
  • vulkan.int - Name der Domain
  • SOA - Start of Authority - Wer ist Zuständig
  • unaris.vulkan.int. - Primärer Nameserver
  • technik.xinux.de. - Mailadresse - @ wird durch . ersetzt
  • 2011090204 - Seriennummer, Datum + Version
  • 14400 - Refresh Zeit
  • 3600 - Wiederholungszeit beim Nichterreichen.
  • 3600000 - Maximale Gültikeit beim Nichterreichen.
  • 86400 - Negativer Cache
  • IN - Internet Name
  • NS - Namerver Record
  • A - A Record

restart bind

+systemctl restart bind9 ## test

+host -t a unaris.vulkan.int 127.0.0.1 Using domain server: Name: 127.0.0.1 Addrallow-transfer { 192.168.249.121 };ess: 127.0.0.1#53 Aliases:

unaris.vulkan.int has address 192.168.25.4

reverse zone

config file

add to /etc/bind/named.conf.local

zone "25.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
          type master;
          file "25.168.192.in-addr.arpa";
};

zone file

+vi /var/cache/bind/25.168.192.in-addr.arpa

$TTL 300
@         IN SOA  unaris.vulkan.int. technik.xinux.de. (
                2011090204 14400 3600 3600000 86400)
             IN NS      unaris.vulkan.int.
4         IN PTR          unaris.vulkan.int.

restart bind

+systemctl restart bind9

tests

+host -t ptr 192.168.25.4 127.0.0.1

Using domain server:
Name: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
Aliases: 

4.25.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer unaris.vulkan.int.

Eintragen der Forward Nameserver

+cat /etc/bind/named.conf.options

options {
           directory "/var/cache/bind";
           forwarders {
                   10.80.0.2;
                   10.80.0.3;
            };
           ....
           ....  
           }; 

Generate

$TTL 300
@   IN SOA  dozent.it150.int. technik.xinux.de. (
                     2022092001 14400 3600 3600000 86400
                                  )
                  IN NS      dozent.it150.int.
dozent.it150         IN A       192.168.2.200
; DHCP - Range 192.168.2.0/24
$GENERATE 101-112 firewall.it$ A 192.168.2.$
$GENERATE 101-112 server.it$ A 10.0.$.21
$GENERATE 101-112 desktop.it$ A 192.168.$.11

$GENERATE 150-150 firewall.it$ A 192.168.2.$
$GENERATE 150-150 server.it$ A 10.0.$.21
$GENERATE 150-150 desktop.it$ A 192.168.$.11
Ergebnis
desktop.it101.int.  300 IN  A   192.168.101.11
firewall.it101.int. 300 IN  A   192.168.2.101
server.it101.int.   300 IN  A   10.0.101.21
desktop.it102.int.  300 IN  A   192.168.102.11
firewall.it102.int. 300 IN  A   192.168.2.102
server.it102.int.   300 IN  A   10.0.102.21
desktop.it103.int.  300 IN  A   192.168.103.11
firewall.it103.int. 300 IN  A   192.168.2.103
server.it103.int.   300 IN  A   10.0.103.21
desktop.it104.int.  300 IN  A   192.168.104.11
firewall.it104.int. 300 IN  A   192.168.2.104
server.it104.int.   300 IN  A   10.0.104.21
desktop.it105.int.  300 IN  A   192.168.105.11
firewall.it105.int. 300 IN  A   192.168.2.105
server.it105.int.   300 IN  A   10.0.105.21
desktop.it106.int.  300 IN  A   192.168.106.11
firewall.it106.int. 300 IN  A   192.168.2.106
server.it106.int.   300 IN  A   10.0.106.21
desktop.it107.int.  300 IN  A   192.168.107.11
firewall.it107.int. 300 IN  A   192.168.2.107
server.it107.int.   300 IN  A   10.0.107.21
desktop.it108.int.  300 IN  A   192.168.108.11
...
...

Links

+https://wolfgang.dautermann.at/vortraege/CLT2010-Bind9.pdf