Nftables Firewall Basis Konfiguration

Die Basis Konfiguration

• Die Basiskonfiguration besagt das von der Firewall nach aussen alles erlaubt ist.
• Wir schalten hier auch noch den 22 Zugang frei.

#!/usr/sbin/nft -f
flush ruleset
define local_tcp_ports = { 22 }
define save_interfaces = { enp0s8, enp0s9, enp0s10 }

table inet filter {
       chain input {
               type filter hook input priority filter; policy drop;
               ct state established,related accept
               ct state new iif "lo" accept
               ct state new tcp dport $local_tcp_ports accept
       }

       chain forward {
               type filter hook forward priority filter; policy drop;
                 ct state established,related accept
       }
       chain output {
               type filter hook output priority filter; policy drop;
               ct state established,related accept
               ct state new accept
       }

}

Weiter gehts

• Wir schalten die lokalen Netze gegenseitig frei.
• So wie auch den Zugriff auf unsere Firewall
• In der Praxis sollte man das genau überlegen.
• Für unsere Übung ist das aber ok.

#!/usr/sbin/nft -f
flush ruleset
define local_tcp_ports = { 22 }
define save_interfaces = { enp0s8, enp0s9, enp0s10 } 
table inet filter {
       chain input {
               type filter hook input priority filter; policy drop;
               ct state established,related accept
               ct state new iif "lo" accept
               ct state new tcp dport $local_tcp_ports accept
               ct state new iif $save_interfaces accept
       }

       chain forward {
               type filter hook forward priority filter; policy drop;
               ct state established,related accept
               ct state new iif $save_interfaces accept
               }
       chain output {
               type filter hook output priority filter; policy drop;
               ct state established,related accept
               ct state new accept
       }
 
}

Das Logging

• Kurz vor dem erreichen der Default Policy wird geloggt

#!/usr/sbin/nft -f
flush ruleset
define local_tcp_ports = { 22 }
define save_interfaces = { enp0s8, enp0s9, enp0s10 } 
table inet filter {
       chain input {
               type filter hook input priority filter; policy drop;
               ct state established,related accept
               ct state new iif "lo" accept
               ct state new tcp dport $local_tcp_ports accept
               ct state new iif $save_interfaces accept
               log prefix "--nftables-drop-input--"
       }

       chain forward {
               type filter hook forward priority filter; policy drop;
               ct state established,related accept
               ct state new iif $save_interfaces accept
               log prefix "--nftables-drop-forward--" 
               }
       chain output {
               type filter hook output priority filter; policy drop;
               ct state established,related accept
               ct state new accept
               log prefix "--nftables-drop-output--"
       }
 
}

Wir gucken

• tail -f /var/log/syslog | grep nft

Feb 28 17:30:09 firewall kernel: [ 2119.005002] --nftables-drop-input--IN=enp0s9 OUT= MAC=08:00:27:08:29:61:08:00:27:47:d1:33:08:00 SRC=172.16.100.151 DST=172.16.100.1 LEN=356 TOS=0x10 PREC=0xC0 TTL=64 ID=35132 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=3 [SRC=172.16.100.1 DST=172.16.100.151 LEN=328 TOS=0x10 PREC=0x00 TTL=128 ID=0 PROTO=UDP SPT=67 DPT=68 LEN=308 ]

Wir Snaten

• Wir müssen hier eine neue Tabelle anlegen
• Snat gehört zur nat-Tabelle
• Wir müssen das Paket verändern kurz vor dem verlassen des Rechners
• Der richtige Ort ist der postrouting Haken

#!/usr/sbin/nft -f
flush ruleset
define local_tcp_ports = { 22 }
define save_interfaces = { enp0s8, enp0s9, enp0s10 } 
define wandev = enp0s3
define wanip = 192.168.6.100
define lan-nets = { 172.16.100.0/24 , 172.17.100.0/24 }
table inet filter {
       chain input {
               type filter hook input priority filter; policy drop;
               ct state established,related accept
               ct state new iif "lo" accept
               ct state new tcp dport $local_tcp_ports accept
               ct state new iif $save_interfaces accept
               log prefix "--nftables-drop-input--"
       }

       chain forward {
               type filter hook forward priority filter; policy drop;
               ct state established,related accept
               ct state new iif $save_interfaces accept
               log prefix "--nftables-drop-forward--" 
               }
       chain output {
               type filter hook output priority filter; policy drop;
               ct state established,related accept
               ct state new accept
               log prefix "--nftables-drop-output--"
       }
 
}
table inet nat {
   chain postrouting {
       type nat hook postrouting priority srcnat; policy accept;
       oif $wandev ip saddr $lan-nets snat ip to $wanip
    }

}