Pseudo second level domain Basics: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
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| Zeile 2: | Zeile 2: | ||
;Erstellen eines Nameservers laut Plan | ;Erstellen eines Nameservers laut Plan | ||
;Name ns.it1XX.int | ;Name ns.it1XX.int | ||
; | ;Vorläufiger DNS ist der 192.168.X.88 | ||
;Der Server ist autoritativ UND rekursiv validierend | |||
=Installation= | =Installation= | ||
*apt install bind9 | *apt install bind9 bind9-utils | ||
=Auf den Nameservern= | =Auf den Nameservern= | ||
==Optionen== | |||
*cat /etc/bind/named.conf.options | |||
<pre> | |||
options { | |||
directory "/var/cache/bind"; | |||
forwarders { 192.168.X.88; }; | forwarders { 192.168.X.88; }; | ||
empty-zones-enable no; | empty-zones-enable no; | ||
* | recursion yes; | ||
dnssec-validation auto; | |||
allow-query { any; }; | |||
}; | |||
</pre> | |||
==Trust-Anker für Fake Root (.int)== | |||
;KSK der Zone int vom Fake Root ermitteln | |||
*dig DNSKEY int @192.168.X.88 +short | |||
;Nur der Key mit Kennung 257 3 13 wird verwendet | |||
;Eintragen in /etc/bind/named.conf.options | |||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
zone it113.int IN { | managed-keys { | ||
int. initial-key 257 3 13 "BASE64-KSK-VON-INT-HIER-EINFÜGEN"; | |||
}; | |||
</pre> | |||
*systemctl restart bind9 | |||
==Zonenfestlegung== | |||
*cat /etc/bind/named.conf.local | |||
<pre> | |||
zone "it113.int" IN { | |||
type master; | type master; | ||
file "it113.int"; | file "it113.int.signed"; | ||
}; | }; | ||
zone 113.88.10.in-addr.arpa IN { | zone "113.88.10.in-addr.arpa" IN { | ||
type master; | type master; | ||
file "113.88.10.in-addr.arpa"; | file "113.88.10.in-addr.arpa.signed"; | ||
}; | }; | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
=Zonen selbst (unsigniert)= | |||
*cat | *cat /var/cache/bind/it113.int | ||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
$TTL 300 | $TTL 300 | ||
@ | @ IN SOA ns.it113.int. technik.xinux.de. ( | ||
2011090204 | 2011090204 | ||
14400 | 14400 | ||
3600 | 3600 | ||
3600000 | 3600000 | ||
86400 | 86400 | ||
) | ) | ||
IN NS ns | IN NS ns | ||
| Zeile 41: | Zeile 72: | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
*cat | *cat /var/cache/bind/113.88.10.in-addr.arpa | ||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
$TTL 300 | $TTL 300 | ||
@ | @ IN SOA ns.it113.int. technik.xinux.de. ( | ||
2011090204 | 2011090204 | ||
14400 | 14400 | ||
3600 | 3600 | ||
3600000 | 3600000 | ||
86400 | 86400 | ||
) | ) | ||
IN NS ns.it113.int. | IN NS ns.it113.int. | ||
21 IN PTR ns.it113.int. | 21 IN PTR ns.it113.int. | ||
22 IN PTR www.it113.int. | 22 IN PTR www.it113.int. | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
=DNSSEC Schlüssel erzeugen= | |||
;Forward Zone | |||
*dnssec-keygen -a RSASHA256 -b 2048 -n ZONE it113.int | |||
*dnssec-keygen -a RSASHA256 -b 4096 -f KSK -n ZONE it113.int | |||
;Reverse Zone | |||
*dnssec-keygen -a RSASHA256 -b 2048 -n ZONE 113.88.10.in-addr.arpa | |||
*dnssec-keygen -a RSASHA256 -b 4096 -f KSK -n ZONE 113.88.10.in-addr.arpa | |||
=DNSKEY einbinden= | |||
;Forward | |||
*for k in Kit113.int*.key ; do echo "\$INCLUDE /var/cache/bind/$k" >> /var/cache/bind/it113.int; done | |||
;Reverse | |||
*for k in K113.88.10.in-addr.arpa*.key ; do echo "\$INCLUDE /var/cache/bind/$k" >> /var/cache/bind/113.88.10.in-addr.arpa; done | |||
=Zonen signieren= | |||
*dnssec-signzone -A -N INCREMENT -o it113.int -t /var/cache/bind/it113.int | |||
*dnssec-signzone -A -N INCREMENT -o 113.88.10.in-addr.arpa -t /var/cache/bind/113.88.10.in-addr.arpa | |||
;Erzeugt | |||
<pre> | |||
/var/cache/bind/it113.int.signed | |||
/var/cache/bind/113.88.10.in-addr.arpa.signed | |||
</pre> | |||
*systemctl restart bind9 | |||
=DS Record für Fake Root erzeugen= | |||
;KSK anzeigen | |||
*dig DNSKEY it113.int @127.0.0.1 +short | |||
;DS erzeugen | |||
*dnssec-dsfromkey Kit113.int.+008+XXXXX.key | |||
;DS Eintrag an Fake Root weitergeben | |||
;Im Fake Root in Zone int einfügen | |||
;Beispiel: | |||
;it113 IN DS 12345 13 2 ABCDEF123456.... | |||
=Handling und Logging= | =Handling und Logging= | ||
*systemctl restart | *systemctl restart bind9 | ||
*journalctl -fu bind9 | |||
*journalctl -u bind9 -g it113.int | |||
*journalctl -fu | =Validierungstest= | ||
*journalctl - | |||
* | ;Forward Validierung | ||
*dig www.it113.int +dnssec | |||
;Antwort muss AD-Flag enthalten | |||
Version vom 24. Februar 2026, 15:10 Uhr
Klonen des Templates
- Erstellen eines Nameservers laut Plan
- Name ns.it1XX.int
- Vorläufiger DNS ist der 192.168.X.88
- Der Server ist autoritativ UND rekursiv validierend
Installation
- apt install bind9 bind9-utils
Auf den Nameservern
Optionen
- cat /etc/bind/named.conf.options
options {
directory "/var/cache/bind";
forwarders { 192.168.X.88; };
empty-zones-enable no;
recursion yes;
dnssec-validation auto;
allow-query { any; };
};
Trust-Anker für Fake Root (.int)
- KSK der Zone int vom Fake Root ermitteln
- dig DNSKEY int @192.168.X.88 +short
- Nur der Key mit Kennung 257 3 13 wird verwendet
- Eintragen in /etc/bind/named.conf.options
managed-keys {
int. initial-key 257 3 13 "BASE64-KSK-VON-INT-HIER-EINFÜGEN";
};
- systemctl restart bind9
Zonenfestlegung
- cat /etc/bind/named.conf.local
zone "it113.int" IN {
type master;
file "it113.int.signed";
};
zone "113.88.10.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "113.88.10.in-addr.arpa.signed";
};
Zonen selbst (unsigniert)
- cat /var/cache/bind/it113.int
$TTL 300
@ IN SOA ns.it113.int. technik.xinux.de. (
2011090204
14400
3600
3600000
86400
)
IN NS ns
ns IN A 10.88.113.21
www IN A 10.88.113.22
- cat /var/cache/bind/113.88.10.in-addr.arpa
$TTL 300
@ IN SOA ns.it113.int. technik.xinux.de. (
2011090204
14400
3600
3600000
86400
)
IN NS ns.it113.int.
21 IN PTR ns.it113.int.
22 IN PTR www.it113.int.
DNSSEC Schlüssel erzeugen
- Forward Zone
- dnssec-keygen -a RSASHA256 -b 2048 -n ZONE it113.int
- dnssec-keygen -a RSASHA256 -b 4096 -f KSK -n ZONE it113.int
- Reverse Zone
- dnssec-keygen -a RSASHA256 -b 2048 -n ZONE 113.88.10.in-addr.arpa
- dnssec-keygen -a RSASHA256 -b 4096 -f KSK -n ZONE 113.88.10.in-addr.arpa
DNSKEY einbinden
- Forward
- for k in Kit113.int*.key ; do echo "\$INCLUDE /var/cache/bind/$k" >> /var/cache/bind/it113.int; done
- Reverse
- for k in K113.88.10.in-addr.arpa*.key ; do echo "\$INCLUDE /var/cache/bind/$k" >> /var/cache/bind/113.88.10.in-addr.arpa; done
Zonen signieren
- dnssec-signzone -A -N INCREMENT -o it113.int -t /var/cache/bind/it113.int
- dnssec-signzone -A -N INCREMENT -o 113.88.10.in-addr.arpa -t /var/cache/bind/113.88.10.in-addr.arpa
- Erzeugt
/var/cache/bind/it113.int.signed /var/cache/bind/113.88.10.in-addr.arpa.signed
- systemctl restart bind9
DS Record für Fake Root erzeugen
- KSK anzeigen
- dig DNSKEY it113.int @127.0.0.1 +short
- DS erzeugen
- dnssec-dsfromkey Kit113.int.+008+XXXXX.key
- DS Eintrag an Fake Root weitergeben
- Im Fake Root in Zone int einfügen
- Beispiel
- it113 IN DS 12345 13 2 ABCDEF123456....
Handling und Logging
- systemctl restart bind9
- journalctl -fu bind9
- journalctl -u bind9 -g it113.int
Validierungstest
- Forward Validierung
- dig www.it113.int +dnssec
- Antwort muss AD-Flag enthalten