Zentrale Benutzerverwaltung mit OpenLDAP und SSS

Installation

passwort nach wahl festlegen

• apt update
• DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y slapd ldap-utils

slapd

OpenLDAP Standalone Server

ldap-utils

Utilities zum Zugriff auf den LDAP Server

Grundkonfiguration

• dpkg-reconfigure slapd

Die folgende Tabelle führt die exakten englischen Abfragen auf, sowie die empfohlenen Eingaben für die it213.int Umgebung.

Debconf Question	Description	Recommended Input / Choice
Omit OpenLDAP server configuration?	Determines if the installer should skip creating a database.	No
DNS domain name:	Used to construct the base DN of the LDAP directory.	it213.int
Organization name:	The name of the organization to use in the base DN.	it213
Administrator password:	The password for the admin entry (cn=admin).	123Start$
Confirm password:	Re-enter the password for verification.	123Start$
Database backend to use:	The storage engine for the LDAP database.	MDB
Do you want the database to be removed when slapd is purged?	Whether to delete the data if the package is completely removed.	No
Move old database?	If a database already exists, should it be moved aside?	Yes
Allow LDAPv2 protocol?	Support for the obsolete LDAP version 2.	No

OpenLDAP Manuelle Einrichtung (OLC)

OpenLDAP Manuelle Einrichtung (OLC)

Konfiguration des Clients

ldap.conf

• cat /etc/ldap/ldap.conf

base            dc=it213, dc=int
uri             ldap://ldap.it213.int
ldap_version    3
rootbinddn      cn=admin, dc=it213, dc=int

Passwort für den Adminzugang eintragen

• echo 123Start$ > /etc/ldap.secret

Kontrolle

Stimmt der base dn

• ldapsearch -x -LLL

dn: dc=it213,dc=int
objectClass: top
objectClass: dcObject
objectClass: organization
o: it213
dc: it213

Grundstruktur

[Bearbeiten]

Erstellen

• cat /root/struktur.ldif

dn: ou=users,dc=it213,dc=int
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: users

dn: ou=groups,dc=it213,dc=int
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: groups

dn: ou=hosts,dc=it213,dc=int
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: hosts

dn: ou=sudo,dc=it213,dc=int
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: sudo

Anlegen

• ldapadd -xD cn=admin,dc=it213,dc=int -w 123Start$ -f struktur.ldif

Ldapscripts

Installation

• apt install ldapscripts

Konfiguration

Hauptkonfiguration

• cat /etc/ldapscripts/ldapscripts.conf

SERVER="ldap://ldap.it213.int"
SUFFIX="dc=it213,dc=int"
GSUFFIX="ou=groups"
USUFFIX="ou=users"
MSUFFIX="ou=hosts"
BINDDN="cn=admin,dc=it213,dc=int"
USHELL="/bin/bash"
UHOMES="/home/%u"
CREATEHOMES="yes"
HOMESKEL="/etc/skel"
BINDPWDFILE="/etc/ldapscripts/ldapscripts.passwd"
GIDSTART="10000"
UIDSTART="10000"
MIDSTART="20000"
GCLASS="posixGroup"
PASSWORDGEN="pwgen"
RECORDPASSWORDS="no"
PASSWORDFILE="/var/log/ldapscripts_passwd.log"
LOGTOFILE="yes"
LOGFILE="/var/log/ldapscripts.log"
LOGTOSYSLOG="no"
SYSLOGFACILITY="local4"
SYSLOGLEVEL="info"
LDAPSEARCHBIN="/usr/bin/ldapsearch"
LDAPADDBIN="/usr/bin/ldapadd"
LDAPDELETEBIN="/usr/bin/ldapdelete"
LDAPMODIFYBIN="/usr/bin/ldapmodify"
LDAPMODRDNBIN="/usr/bin/ldapmodrdn"
LDAPPASSWDBIN="/usr/bin/ldappasswd"
LDAPSEARCHOPTS="-o ldif-wrap=no"

Password Datei

• echo -n "123Start$" > /etc/ldapscripts/ldapscripts.passwd

Managment

Struktur

[Bearbeiten]

Gruppen anlegen

• ldapaddgroup it

Benutzer anlegen

• ldapadduser thomas it
• ldapadduser tina it

Passwörter setzen

• ldapsetpasswd thomas
• ldapsetpasswd tina

nsswitch und pam anbinden via SSSD

Anbindung für Debian 13 (Trixie).

Installation

• apt install sssd libnss-sss libpam-sss libsss-sudo

SSSD Konfiguration

• vim /etc/sssd/sssd.conf

[sssd]
services = nss, pam, sudo
domains = it213.int

[domain/it213.int]
id_provider = ldap
auth_provider = ldap

# Erlaubt allen LDAP-Usern den Login
access_provider = permit

sudo_provider = ldap
ldap_uri = ldap://ldap.it213.int
ldap_search_base = dc=it213,dc=int
ldap_sudo_search_base = ou=sudo,dc=it213,dc=int
cache_credentials = True

# TLS Deaktivierung (WICHTIG für Testumgebungen ohne Zertifikate)
ldap_id_use_start_tls = false
ldap_auth_disable_tls_never_use_in_production = true
ldap_tls_reqcert = never

• chmod 600 /etc/sssd/sssd.conf
• systemctl restart sssd

System-Integration

• pam-auth-update --enable sss mkhomedir
• sed -i 's/passwd:.*/passwd: files sss/' /etc/nsswitch.conf
• sed -i 's/group:.*/group: files sss/' /etc/nsswitch.conf
• sed -i 's/shadow:.*/shadow: files sss/' /etc/nsswitch.conf
• echo "sudoers: files sss" >> /etc/nsswitch.conf

Sudo

Sudo-Regeln anlegen

• cat /root/sudo_rules.ldif

dn: cn=%sudo,ou=sudo,dc=it213,dc=int
objectClass: top
objectClass: sudoRole
cn: %sudo
sudoUser: %sudo
sudoHost: ALL
sudoRunAsUser: ALL
sudoRunAsGroup: ALL
sudoCommand: ALL

• ldapadd -xD cn=admin,dc=it213,dc=int -w 123Start$ -f /root/sudo_rules.ldif

Gruppenverwaltung

• ldapaddgroup sudo
• ldapaddusertogroup thomas sudo
• ldapaddusertogroup tina sudo

Testen

• su - thomas
• sudo -l
• sudo whoami