Rsyslog Grundlagen

Seine wichtigsten System-Dateien sind

/etc/default/rsyslog
/etc/init.d/rsyslog - Symlink zum Upstart-Initskript (siehe nächster Punkt)
/etc/init/rsyslog.conf
/etc/rsyslog.conf
/etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf - die zentrale Konfigurationsdatei
/usr/sbin/rsyslogd - die Programmdatei

Konfigdateien

/etc/rsyslog.conf

module(load="imuxsock") # provides support for local system logging
module(load="imklog")   # provides kernel logging support
$KLogPermitNonKernelFacility on
$ActionFileDefaultTemplate RSYSLOG_TraditionalFileFormat
$RepeatedMsgReduction on
$FileOwner syslog
$FileGroup adm
$FileCreateMode 0640
$DirCreateMode 0755
$Umask 0022
$PrivDropToUser syslog
$PrivDropToGroup syslog
$WorkDirectory /var/spool/rsyslog
$IncludeConfig /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf

/etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf

Die Datei 50-default.conf ist kompatible mit der syslog.conf

auth,authpriv.*			/var/log/auth.log
*.*;auth,authpriv.none		-/var/log/syslog
kern.*				-/var/log/kern.log
mail.*				-/var/log/mail.log
mail.err			/var/log/mail.err
news.crit			/var/log/news/news.crit
news.err			/var/log/news/news.err
news.notice			-/var/log/news/news.notice
*.emerg                                :omusrmsg:*
daemon.*;mail.*;\
	news.err;\
	*.=debug;*.=info;\
	*.=notice;*.=warn	|/dev/xconsole

systemctl status rsyslog.service

● rsyslog.service - System Logging Service
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/rsyslog.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mo 2016-09-05 09:47:26 CEST; 2h 23min ago
     Docs: man:rsyslogd(8)
           http://www.rsyslog.com/doc/
 Main PID: 3193 (rsyslogd)
    Tasks: 4 (limit: 512)
   CGroup: /system.slice/rsyslog.service
           └─3193 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n

Sep 05 09:47:25 bajor.xinux.org systemd[1]: Starting System Logging Service...
Sep 05 09:47:26 bajor.xinux.org systemd[1]: Started System Logging Service.

Udp Port in rsyslog.conf öffnen

#provides UDP syslog reception
module(load="imudp")
input(type="imudp" port="514")

Tcp Port in rsyslog.conf öffnen

#provides TCP syslog reception
module(load="imtcp")
input(type="imtcp" port="514")

Logger

echo "Dies ist eine Meldung" | logger -p local3.warn
tail -f -n 1 /var/log/syslog

Sep  5 13:19:03 bajor root: Dies ist eine Meldung

Eigene Regeln

Einfache Regeln

Programname

Logfile for tftpd

if $programname == 'in.tftpd' then /var/log/tftpd.log

facility-text

60-meinlog.conf

if $syslogfacility-text == 'local3'  then /var/log/meinelog

systemctl restart rsyslog.service
echo "Hallo Welt" | logger -p local3.warn
tail -n 1 -f /var/log/meinelog

Sep  5 14:21:04 bajor root: Hallo Welt

contains

Prevent rsyslog logging to /var/log/syslog

10-iptables.conf

if $msg contains '-iptables-' then /var/log/firewall
& ~

expressions in parenthesis

not, unary minus
*, /, % (modulus, as in C)
+, -, & (string concatenation)
==, !=, <>, <, >, <=, >=, contains (strings!), startswith (strings!)
and
or

legacy rsyslog

Beginnen mit einem $-Zeichen. Zum Setzen von Konfigurationsparametern.

$FileOwner syslog

RainerScript

Neues Format.

Generator für eine Konfigurationsdatei: http://www.rsyslog.com/rsyslog-configuration-builder/

Templates - Anpassen des Ausgabeformates

$template MyOwnFormat,"Debug line with all properties:\nFROMHOST: '%FROMHOST%', HOSTNAME: '%HOSTNAME%', PRI: %PRI%,\nsyslogtag '%syslogtag%',
programname: '%programname%', APP-NAME: '%APP-NAME%', PROCID: '%PROCID%', MSGID:  '%MSGID%',\nTIMESTAMP: '%TIMESTAMP%', STRUCTURED-DATA: '%STRUCTURED-DATA%',
\nmsg: '%msg%'\nescaped msg: '%msg:::drop-cc%'\nrawmsg: '%rawmsg%'\n\n"

*.*;auth,authpriv.none          /var/log/syslog;MyOwnFormat

Rsyslog

Inhaltsverzeichnis